一、什么是WebService

WebService是部署在Web上的，可访问的应用程序。主要是对外提供业务接口(业务功能)。

日常生活中的WebService：比如：天气预告、查询手机归属地。

二、WebService的组成

说明：

• 注册方：表示服务都要在注册服务器中进行注册，比如：服务的地址、接口、接口的方法等；
• 服务提供者：服务的实现方；
• 服务消费者：服务的调用方(客户端)，广义来讲：Web应用，APP、组件等等。

三、WebService技术标准

• xml技术，web服务具体平台无关性、语言无关系；
• soap协议， Simple Object Access简单对象访问协议；
• wsdl web服务的描述语言(xml文档)，用于描述web服务

Dubbo

四、Restful服务(重点)

• json数据格式的交互
• http协议
• 无需wsdl

Springcloud+Springboot

五、开发传统WebService

Apache CXF=Celtix+Xfire，开始叫Apache CeltiXfire，后来更名为Apache CXF了，以下简称为CXF。Apache CXF。Apache CXF是一个开源的Web Services框架，CXF帮助您构建和开发 web Service，它支持多种协议，比如：SOAP1.1，1.2XML/HTTP、RESTful或者CORBA。

CXF是基于SOA总线结构，依靠Spring完成模块的集成，实现SOA方式。

六、开发WebService的步骤：

服务端

①创建服务端Web项目，导入CXF的类库。

②配置web.xml文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
         version="4.0">

    <!-- CXF 中央控制器 -->
    <servlet>
        <servlet-name>cxfServlet</servlet-name>
        <servlet-class>org.apache.cxf.transport.servlet.CXFServlet</servlet-class>
        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
    </servlet>
    <servlet-mapping>
        <servlet-name>cxfServlet</servlet-name>
        <url-pattern>/services/*</url-pattern>
    </servlet-mapping>

    <context-param>
        <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
        <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>
    </context-param>
    <listener>
        <listener-class>
            org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener
        </listener-class>
    </listener>

</web-app>

③创建实体类

package com.gec.ws.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Product implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double price;
    private String address;


    public Product() {
    }

    public Product(Integer id, String name, Double price, String address) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

④创建ProductService接口

package com.gec.ws.service;

import com.gec.ws.pojo.Product;

import javax.jws.WebService;
import java.util.List;

@WebService //当前是一个可发布的web接口
public interface ProductService {
    public List<Product> findAllProducts();
}

⑤创建ProductServiceImpl实现类

package com.gec.ws.service;

import com.gec.ws.pojo.Product;
import com.gec.ws.service.ProductService;

import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;

public class ProductServiceImpl implements ProductService {
    @Override
    public List<Product> findAllProducts() {
        List<Product> list=new ArrayList<>();
        for (int i=1;i<11;i++){
            list.add(new Product(i,"红米手机"+i,7000D,"广州"));
        }
        return list;
    }
}

⑥创建applicationContext.xml配置文件

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xmlns:jaxws="http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
    http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-2.5.xsd 
    http://cxf.apache.org/jaxws http://cxf.apache.org/schemas/jaxws.xsd"
    xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans">

	<!-- 发布应用程序接口 -->
	<jaxws:endpoint id="productServiceImpl" 
	                implementor="com.gec.ws.service.ProductServiceImpl"
	                address="/productService"></jaxws:endpoint>
	
</beans>

⑦配置tomcat

⑧运行

点击{
http://service.ws.gec.com/}ProductServiceImplService后跳转的页面

客户端

①创建客户端web项目，导入CXF的类库。

②把服务端的实体类和接口与包一起拷贝过来

Product类

package com.gec.ws.pojo;

import java.io.Serializable;

public class Product implements Serializable {
    private Integer id;
    private String name;
    private Double price;
    private String address;


    public Product() {
    }

    public Product(Integer id, String name, Double price, String address) {
        this.id = id;
        this.name = name;
        this.price = price;
        this.address = address;
    }

    public Integer getId() {
        return id;
    }

    public void setId(Integer id) {
        this.id = id;
    }

    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }

    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }

    public Double getPrice() {
        return price;
    }

    public void setPrice(Double price) {
        this.price = price;
    }

    public String getAddress() {
        return address;
    }

    public void setAddress(String address) {
        this.address = address;
    }
}

ProductService接口

package com.gec.ws.service;

import com.gec.ws.pojo.Product;

import javax.jws.WebService;
import java.util.List;

@WebService //当前是一个可发布的web接口
public interface ProductService {
    public List<Product> findAllProducts();
}

③创建com.gec.ws.main包

④以Spring的方式创建远程方法调用的客户端(代理)

package com.gec.ws.main;

import com.gec.ws.pojo.Product;
import com.gec.ws.service.ProductService;
import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;
import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;

import java.util.List;

//怎样区分远程方法调用(边界)，以JVM为标准
public class SpringClientTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        ApplicationContext context=new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("applicationContext.xml");

        //远程方法调用的代理接口实例
        ProductService productService= (ProductService) context.getBean("productService");
        List<Product> list=productService.findAllProducts();
        for (Product product : list) {
            System.out.println(product.getId()+", "+product.getName()+", "+product.getPrice()+", "+product.getAddress());
        }
    }
}

⑤以代理的方式创建远程方法

package com.gec.ws.main;

import com.gec.ws.pojo.Product;
import com.gec.ws.service.ProductService;
import org.apache.cxf.jaxws.JaxWsProxyFactoryBean;

import java.util.List;

public class ProxyClientTest {
    public static void main(String[] args) {
        JaxWsProxyFactoryBean factory=new JaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
        factory.setServiceClass(ProductService.class);
        factory.setAddress("http://localhost:8088/services/productService");
        
        ProductService productService= (ProductService) factory.create();
        List<Product> list=productService.findAllProducts();
        for (Product product : list) {
            System.out.println(product.getId()+", "+product.getName()+", "+product.getPrice()+", "+product.getAddress());
        }
    }

}

⑥运行以Spring方式创建的远程方法

⑦运行以代理方式创建的远程方法

⑧没用到WebService之前调用远程方法的写法

package com.gec.ws.controller;

import com.gec.ws.service.ProductService;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;

@Controller
public class ProductController {
    @Autowired
    private ProductService productService;  //远程方法调用webservice
}